December

TAK BAT DOK MAI FESTIVAL Date 29 Decembe 2550 - ३० December 2550 Place Activities The Tak Bat Dok Mai floral offering merit-making ritual is unique to Saraburi province. This ritual stands out from the merit-making activities conducted in the other parts of Thailand because in addition to the offerings of cooked rice, food, incense, candles and other conventional sacred items, the Tak Bat Dok Mai ritual includes offerings of Dok Khao Phansa flowers that only come into bloom during the Buddhist Lent, hence the origin of its name. Some villagers call the flower Dok Yung Thong (golden peacock) or Dok Hong Thong (golden swan flower). The Dok Khao Phansa is a native species of forested hill-slopes, and is most commonly found in Saraburi province. A member of the Globba family, the flower is similar to galingale or turmeric and is just over 25 centimetres in height. The plant somewhat resembles the "krachai" or aromatic ginger with flowers in large white, yellow, yellowish-violet, or violet and blue sprays. The yellow flowers have smaller violet petals that give it a striking appearance. As the Dok Khao Phansa becomes an increasingly rare find these days, lotus, jasmine and rose have become acceptable alternatives for these floral offerings. The residents of Amphoe Phra Phutthabat have observed this tradition of making floral offerings since ancient times and it has now become a significant provincial event. The "Tak Bat Dok Mai" floral merit-making ceremony is performed at the Wat Phra Buddhabat Woramahaviharn - Shrine of the Holy Footprint, a highly revered ancestral place of worship and a national landmark, in the Phra Buddhabat District of Saraburi province. In the morning of the first day of the Buddhist Lent, residents of the community engage in merit-making activities by presenting offerings to the resident monks at the Wat Phra Buddhabat temple. Later in the morning, young couples venture out into the forested foothills to gather the Dok Khao Phansa flowers. Meanwhile in the district area, the candle procession and the "Tak Bat Dok Mai" procession head towards the temple courtyard. As a prelude to the floral merit-making ritual which takes place in the afternoon, a variety of traditional folk games and cultural performances are featured. Contests such as the long-drum dance, candle and Thai costume contests keep the audience entertained. In preparation for the "Tak Bat Dok Mai" merit-making ritual, Buddhist devotees line up along both sides of the street forming a long line that extends from the "mondop" or seven-tiered temple spire and trails back along the streets. This forms a passage along which hundreds of monks and novices file past to accept sacred offerings. The monks then ascend to the Shrine of the Holy Footprint where the offerings received are in turn presented as a tribute to the Lord Buddha. Once the ritual has been completed, the Buddhist devotees pour water over the feet of the monks and novices in the belief that in doing so, the sins of the worshippers are washed away. EVENT HIGHLIGHTS Merit making with steamed rice Processions of candles, Buddha images and long drums Merit making with flowers Information Contact information: TAT Central Region Office: Region 6 Tel: +66 (0) 3524 6076-7 Fax: +66 (0) 3524 6078 E-mail: tatyutya@tat.or.th. Date(s): December2007 Venue: World Trade Centre, Bangkok The Tourism Authority of Thailand has realized the importance of Thai food that becomes popular in the world. Therefore, TAT arranges the event for Thai-food lovers and foreign visitors. Thai Food exhibition and demonstration, cultural shows and concerts, beer gardens, food stalls. Date(s): 1 December 2003-31 January 2007 Venue: By the Mekong River, Ubon Ratchathani and Amnat Charoen Ubon Ratchathani is a major tourist destination in the Northeast of Thailand The province welcomes visitors to come and enjoy its beauty. Re-enactment of cave life, watch the sun go down at Pha Taem, Pha Laeng style dinner, a photo contest and other celebrations. Date(s): 29 November-6 December 2007 Venue: Phuket, Krabi, Phang-Nga The Regatta first took place in 1987, during the year celebrating His Majesty the King's 5th cycle, and has been held annually ever since. International participation in the regatta. For more information, please contact the Office of the Secretary Tel: 66 (0) 7627 3380 Date(s): 2 December 2007 Venue: The Royal Plaza, Bangkok This event is celebrated every year before the King's Birthday. Their Majesties the King and Queen preside over this impressive annual event, held in the Royal Plaza near the equestrian statue of King Chulalongkorn. Dressed in colourful uniforms, amid much pomp and ceremony, members of the elite Royal Guards swear allegiance to the King and march past members of the Royal Family. Date(s): 5 December 2007 Venue: Nationwide H.M. King Bhumibol Adulyadej was born on 5 December. The deep reverence felt by all Thais for their King is perhaps unique in the modern world, and his birthday provides an annual occassion for public expression. Government buildings, businesses, and homes all over the country are eleborately decorated and the area around the Grand Palace is spectacularly illuminated. Date(s): 7-10 December 2007 Venue: Phuket Following immediately on from the King's Cup Regatta, Phuket hosts Thailand's first International Boat Show. This exciting new show, set in the region's premier boating destination, has attracted exhibitors from around the world, and will include a minimum of 80 exhibitions in air-conditioned marquees at the waterside, with a further 30 on-water exhibits. The show will be open to exhibitors in all aspects of the marine industy. In addition to local boat builders and international manufacturers in the marine supplies and marine service industries, the 30 on-water exhibits will be an opportunity for visitors to inspect a variety of sleex pleasure craft-from fast sports sailing boats and leisurely catamarans made in Phuket, to superb luxury motor yachts from famous international manufacturers. For more information, please contact Mr.Andy Dowden-IMAGE asia Tel: 66 (0) 7628 2198 Fax: 66 (0) 7628 3059 Mobile: 66 (0) 1892 7670 E-mail: boatshow@image-asia.com and www.image-asia.com/boatshow.htm Date(s): 12-14 December 2007 Venue: Anusonsathan Yutthanawi Pier at Chang Island, Trat Chang Island is getting more popular at the present time. Its management has been supported by the Thai government. Fishing Contest, Student Environmental Awareness Competition, various government sector exhibitions, folk festival food sale, local souvenirs, tours of nearby vicinity. Date(s): 13-19 December 2007 Venue: Ayutthaya Ayutthaya, a former Thai Capital was the centre of trade, administration, and civilization for 417 years. The Capital was designated a World Heritage site by UNESCO on 13 December 1991. The Historical Park is home to many ruins and artefacts. Bangsai Arts and Crafts Centre of H.M. Queen Sirikit of Thailand is also close by.World Heritage Listing Exhibition, recreation of local market of yesteryear Ayutthaya Art and Culture Exhibition, stalls, and Ayutthaya Yot Ying Fa Light and Sound Show.In, Ayutthaya Art and Culture Exhibition, stalls, and Ayutthaya Yot Ying Fa of Light and Sound Show. Date(s): 25-31 December 2007 Venue: Chom Nan Chaloem Phra Kiat Park, Phitsanulok Phitsanulok is an important province in Thailand. It arranges many events and festivals each year. This time it comes with food celebrations. Food stalls, souvenirs, Export Product Fair, Thai Food and Dessert Demonstration, concerts and shows, street shows. Date(s): 31 December 2003-1 January 2007 Venue: Bangkok This event is arranged to celebrate the New Year at the same time with other places in the world. Miss Bangkok Friendship 2003 Pageant, Special Fireworks, Laser light show, Modern Local Art. Date(s): 30-31 December 2007 Venue: Hat Yai, Songkhla Hat Yai District is well-known among tourist as a major tourist destination in the south of Thailand. This time it organizes the event to celebrate the New Year with joy and fun. Art and Culture Show, Light and Sound Show, Fancy Dress Parade, Local Food Stalls.

November

Date(s): 1-2 November 2007 Venue: Bangsai Arts and Crafts Centre of H.M. Queen Sirikit of Thailand, Ayutthaya The Long Boat Race has had a long history in Thailand and has been noted as one of the royal ceremonies to be held in the 11th month in the Ayutthaya period. The atmosphere around the race itself is reflective of a relaxed and easygoing lifestyle since that time to the present day. The race itself has been revived in order to perpetuate what is seen as a cultural tradition worth preserving while increasing tourism through awareness. International Boat Race 22 rowers Thai Boat Race 22 rowers Long Boat Race 55 rowers Date(s): 5-9 November 2007 Venue: Phimai, Nakhon Ratchasima Phimai is a cultural and tourism town with many important sites including the Phimai Historical Park, Sai Ngam, and a National Museum. Local produce exhibition and sale, local culture demonstration and contests, Siamese cat competition (the Siamese cat originally came from Phimai), Phimaipura procession, Niramittrakam Nuealamnammun Wimaya Nattakan Light and Sound Show, agricultural show, King's Cup Long Boat Race. Date(s): 8 November 2007 Venue: Nationwide Loi Krathong is a tradition believed to have been influenced by the Indian Lantern or Diwali Festival, in which floats are made in worship of the three Brahmin Gods Bhrama, Vishnu, and Shiva. The belief was adapted to fit in with the Thai agrarian way of life, dependent upon the flow of water, changing it into a festival where one pay obeisance to Phra Mae Khongkha, the goddess of water. The practice became widespread nationally and internationally in due course, and has become synonymous with the Thai Culture. While each region will heave its own variations, the krathongs (floats) are normally shaped as a lotus from locally available materials. The floats are decorated with incense and candles allowed to float along with the flow of the river. Some would put in nail clippings and strands of hair into the krathong as well, in the belief that the sins of the past year would be washed away; some place coins in the krathong as a way of making merit; some wish for love. Once the krathongs are on their way there would normally be fireworks and other festivities to be enjoyed. Krathong Competition, and Nang Nopphamat Pageant, Loi Krathong, Games. Date(s): 1 November-15 December 2007 Venue: Doi Mae U-kho, Khun Yuam, Mae Hong Son The Mexican Sunflower is a yellow wild flower growing in the North of Thailand. It is also known as the Wild Sunflower or the Mountain Sunflower, growing in 2-5 metre wide bushes, with small brown hairy trunks and branches. It has large green leaves with jagged edges, whose base wraps around the stem, looking very much like miniatute sunflower. The flower is 14-15 cm in diameter with a concentration of dark yellow pollen in the middle, and has approximate 13-15 petals that are broad at the base tapering to the end. The flower blooms towards the end of October and can be seen until December. Once the flowers have withered, the seeds can be collected and its oil extracted to be used as insecticides and mosquito repellents. Ban Mae Ho in Mae Sariang, and Doi Mae U-kho in Khun Yuam, have the most sunflowers in bloom when in season, lighting up the pathways and mountains in a glorious yellow.The Festival has been organized in order to take advantage of a spectacular display that is linked closely to the cultures of the Tais and the hills tribe people. Mexican Sunflower Photo competition, Mountain Bike Riding Competition, local art and culture show, tourism exhibition, hire a tent and spend the night on the mountain, issuance of certificate of attendance. Date(s): November 2007 Venue: Bangsai Arts and Crafts Centre of H.M. Queen Sirikit of Thailand, Ayutthaya Loy Krathong is an important celebration for Thais and take place every 15th day of the waxing moon in the 12th month (the ides of December). Celebrations take place allover the country. The Loi Krathong Tam Prathip Festival harks back to a tradition from when Ayutthaya was once the capital. Nang Nopphamat Pageant, Nang Nopphamat Procession, Thai Food Fair, vocational product sale, floating market, fireworks and floating lanterns, long boat races. For more information, please contact the Bangsai Arts and Crafts Centre of H.M. Queen Sirikit of Thailand Tel: 66 (0) 3536 6090. Date(s): November 2007 Venue: Bang Thao Beach Thalang, Phuket The Triathlon was first held in 1994, providing international coverage for Phuket. A 1.8 km swim, 55 km cycle, and 12 km marathon Date(s): 4-8 November 2007 Venue: Chiang Mai Creating a mesmerizing sight, an unusual ritual of this northern capital's Loi Krathong Festival is the launching of Lanna-style hot air balloons, which is considered by locals to rid them of their troubles. Tho Phae Contest, Boat Race in the Ping River, Small and Large Krathong Contests, decorative lanterns on houses and wats, floating of lanterns, festivitiesFor more information, please contact the Chiang Mai Municipality Tel: 66 (0) 53612615. Date(s): 4-8 November 2007 Venue: Sukhothai The Loi Krathong tradition derives from old beliefs common to communities living along the banks of a river or waterway, where there is a need to worship and supplicate the Khongkha to avoid bad luck, to worship the gods in the brahmin tradition, or to revere the Buddha's foot print, etc. The celebrations are normally organized in the 12th month when the tide is high and the air is cool. The Phra Ratchaniphon Phra Ratchaphithi Sipsongduan and the texts of Thao Sichulalak refers to Nang Nopphamat aka Thao Sichulalak, King Ruang's principle consort, of the Sukhothai period, as being the first person to make a krathong in the form of a lotus. This form has long since been copied and handed down. There is also a reference, in the Sila Charuek, to a Candle Lighting and Playing with Fire Festival as a grand festival. Experts believe that this is similar to the candle lighting and playing with fire as is practiced in the Loi Krathong festival of the present day. Nang Nopphamat procession, exhibitions, lighting of lantern at the historical site, Loi Krathong and fireworks over all waterways, krathong competition, Sukhothai Light and Sound Presentation, cultural dances, festivities. Date(s): 7-15 November 2007 Venue: On the banks of the Ping River, Tak The locals of Tak believe that the Ping River is never prettier than where it passes Tak against a backdrop of sandy banks and mountains. The Loi Krathong Sai Festival is therefore organized on the banks to take advantage of this view. The krathongs that are floated here are unique in that they are made from coconut shells and filled with combustible material, lit up and then floated in single file. A contest for the King's Cup is held each year for the most interesting formations of the krathongs as they float by. Procession of the King's Cup, Krathong Pha Pa Nam contest, Krathong Sai Contest festivities. Date(s): 15-20 November 2007 Venue: Pattaya, Chon Buri Pattaya is a well-known resort town on the eastern shore of the Gulf of Thailand, and is blessed with magnificent scenery, from the islands dotting the vista and the beautiful beaches. The Carnival starts with a Pattaya Carnival float, with richly decorated floats being paraded down Pattaya beach road from the north to the south. There are generally 30 floats, beautifully or innovatively decked. At the end believe of the procession, the floats are left to be admired by those going to the carnival. There are also various exhibitions and demonstrations including an underwater archaeology exhibition showing off the artefacts found in the waters of Pattaya and the surrounding area, a model of shipping routes of days gone by, maps to indicate site of wrecks, types of ships, material used in their construction, the circumstances surrounding the wrecks. A shell exhibition show casing those found on the shores of Thailand, both in the Gulf of Thailand and the Andaman Sea, a fishing exhibition, how to fish like locals and how to use modern fishing equipments. Fishing exhibition-boats, baits, and details of fishing in the Gulf. Sail Boat and water sports exhibition. Gemstone Exhibition. There are also demonstrations of cotton weaving, motar making, raising mussels, straw weaving, making of khao lam nong mon, kok rug weaving and other by-products, fishnet knitting, and other fishing equipment. Water sports competition-Boat Racing, skiing, fishing, scooter, water boxing, windsurfing. Sports -Dirt bike race, car races. rt and cultural shows-dances from the various regions in Thailand. String Combo, Thai Music, Trae Wong, and local music. For more information, please contact the Pattaya City Tel: 66 (0) 38410200. Date(s): 15-16 November 2007 Venue: Sinarong Field, Surin Krapo, Tha Turn, and Na Nongphai in Chumphon Buri District in the north of Surin is home to Kuas or Suays who have long raised elephants to show at various fair and ceremonies. Ban Taklang in Krapo, 58 km from Surin proper, is also known as the Elephant Village, courtesy of its many inhabitants. On 19 November 1960, the District Officer of Tha Turn organized an elephant show on the grounds of the old airfield as a housewarming party for the new District Office buildings. This attracted interest from further a field and the festival became a permanent fixture. ActivitiesThe Elephant Round-up presents the bond between man and elephant in the culture and tradition of the people of Surin and is presented as follows- 1. Kuai-the daily life of the Phaen locals and the tradition of worshipping phi pakam. 2. Cha Khlong -elephants in their natural habitat. 3. From the forest to the house-herding the elephants (phon chang) and breaking them in. 4. Phra barami pok klao-re-enactment of the battle scenes of yesteryear depicting how a battle, led by a King, would have looked like. 5. Surin local customs-Traditional and cultural shows. 6. Chalong Phra-Celebrating with the elephants, seeing them playing and competing. 7. Farewell-Farewell by elephants and performers. Additionally, there will be exhibitions from the public and private sectors, Red Cross Fair, sale of local produce, festivities. Date(s): 24 November-7 December 2007 Venue: River Kwai Bridge, Tha Makham, Kanchanaburi Kanchanaburi is a strategic province in Central Thailand, rich in resources, tourist sites, nature, lifestyle and tradition, and archaeological and historical sites. During WWII the Japanese Army agreed with the Thai Government to construct a railway line from Nong Pladuk in Ratchaburi, past Kanchanaburi, to Tanpisusayat in Myanmar. This was to facilitate the tranSportation of weapons through to Myanmar and India. In building the bridged, the prisoners of war (from Britain, Holland, United States, Australia, New Zealand) and other Asian labourers were conscripted. The route cut through thick jungle and mountainous terrains, causing people to die like flies in the hundred thousands. It could almost be said that the number of sleepers on the track could easily represent the number of people who died building it. A bridge was built over the passing at the widest point of the Kwai River at Tha Makham. This hridge can be said to be the most expensive bridge to construct and was open for operation on 25 December 1945. Parts of it were bombed by the Allies. Light and Sound Show re-enacting the construction of the bridge and the Death Railway of WWII, floral parade, bands, Miss Peace Pageant, sale of various goods and specialties, exhibition, fairs. Date(s): 29 November-10 December 2007 Venue: Lawn in Front of City Hall, Khon Kaen The secondary cottage industry of the region has taken a big step and is now something of which the local are proud. The sericultural practices in the area are well developed, and Khon Kaen is one the finest silk producing areas in Thailand. The Phuk Siao tradition focuses on brotherly love between all, in good times and bad (khu siao). Khon Kaen Procession, Phuk Siao Ceremony, Phan Bai Si Competition, pageants, stalls, exhibitions, Pong Lang dance concert, local dances, festivities, phuk siao, and pha laeng dinner. For more information, please contact the Khon Kaen Provincial Office Tel: held 01 66 (0) 4323 6882. Date(s): 30 November 2007 Venue: Phra Prang Sam Vot and Phra Kan Shrine, Lop Buri The Phra Prang Sam Yot and Phra Kan Shrine is home to a large number of monkeys who are fed by the worshippers of Phra Kan, to the extent that the monkeys have become tame and familiar with humans. Giving the monkeys a banquet, Chinese style, with fruits, boiled eggs, thong yip, thong yot, foi thong, etc: cultural shows. Date(s): 1 November 2003-14 February 2007 Venue: Lop Buri and Saraburi Thida Thantawan Procession, sale of local produce and sunflower derivative products, sunflower exhibition, sunflower fields. Date(s): 30 November 2007 Venue: Sanam Chai Road near the Grand Palace, Bangkok The first Marathon in Thailand, Wing Roi Fa Chaloem Phra Kiat, was held on the 22 November 1987 on the Dao Khanong- Tha Ruea stretch of the Bangkok Expressway, during His Majesty the King's 5th cycle celebrations. 100,000 runners ran that first marathon. The King then decreed that a Bangkok marathon should be run, and this was then duly arranged on 27 November 1988, following year. The Marathon itself has become very popular with increasing participation in the 42.195 km Marathon and the 5-10 km mini-Marathons. The 15th Marathon will be held in special honour of the King's 75th Birthday land will involve floats from the various provinces. Marathon and mini-Marathon run from Sanam Chai Road. For more information, please contact the Running Association of Thailand Tel: 66 (0) 2280 7667-8.

October

Date(s): 4-5, 11-12, 18-19, 25-26 October 2007 Venue: Mukdahan and Nakhon Phanom The Long Boat race has long been a tradition in Thailand reflecting the carefree lifestyle and cohesion of Thais to the present day. After Ok Phansa, the villages near the riverbanks get together to celebrate their camaraderie. Date(s): 5-9 October 2007 Venue: Wat Phrathat Choengchum Woramahawihan, Sakon Nakhon The Wax Castle Procession is one of many long standing Hit Duan Sip Et Festival in reverence of the Phrathat Choengchum carried out every ok phansa, non more awesome than that held in Sakon Nakhon. It is believed that the tradition dates back to the time of Phrachao Suwan Phingkhan, who had requested that a wax tree be built on ok phansa day and carried to the Wat. The tradition continues today. Alms Giving, procession competition, Wax Castle competition, Miss Wax Castle Pageant, Long Boat Race, and other Festivities. For more information, please contact the Sakon Nakhon Municipality Tel: 66 (0) 4271 3280-1. Date(s): 5-11 October 2007 Venue: City Hall and on the banks of the Mekong River, Nakhon Phanom The Illuminated Boat Festival is a tradition carried out by the people in the I-san region on the 15th day of the waxing moon to the 1st day of the waning moon in the 11th month. The festival can be seen in Sakon Nakhon, Nakhon Phanom, Nong Khai, and Ubon Ratchathani. The occasion is especially important in Nakhon Phanom where the villagers divide up into khums taking the names of the nearby wats. Thus, if they live near Wat Klang, they would call themselves Khum Wat Klang. Each khum would compete with each other in the suang huea (boat race), wax castle competition, and the Illuminated Boat Procession. The Ruea Fai (or huea fai in the local dialect) is a 10-12 metre banana tree trunk or bamboo boat filled with sweet, khao tom phat or offerings. The boat is surrounded by flowers, incense sticks, candles, lanterns, khi tai, to light up the boat before it is let out into the river. The act of letting the boat into the river is called kan lai ruea fai or poi huea fai.Kan lai ruea fai is carried out for the same reasons as for the Loi Krathong Festival, but differs in that it is celebrated 1 month ahead. Specifically, kan lai ruea fai is linked to the local belief in, and worship of, the Buddha's foot imprint on the sandy beaches of Namthamahanathi River, the Buddhist trinity (Buddha, Thamma, Sangha), reverence of Phra Mae Khongkha, and reverence of the Phaya Naga. All these beliefs have melded together nicely in the celebrations, and as the river view on the 15th day of the waxing moon of the 11th month is particularly beautiful the locals chose to revive this tradition on this day. The festival as it is known today was revived in 1983 when the various sectors of the community were asked to fabricate ruea fais from buoyant material in the shape of a boat longer than 12 metres in the shape of a swan (hong), naga (nak), garuda (khrut), or any other shape pleasing to the eye. There were 52 entries and when seen together on the Mekong, the boats made for a lovely sight to be admired by all. The seven tribes Phrathat Phanom worship dance, Illuminated Boat Festival, ruea fai competition, Pha Khao Laeng style dinner, local art and culture exhibition, concerts, games, festivities, boat race (the Mekong is known for its rapid flow making it difficult for the participants). For more information, please contact the Nakhon Phanom Municipality Tel: 66 (0) 42511535. Date(s): 11 October 2007 Venue: Wat Sang kat Rattanakhiri, Uthai Thani The Thewo Alms Giving tradition is mentioned in the Buddhist Theworohana Sut that recounts the Buddha's return from the second level heaven (there are 6 in all), after delivering a sermon to his mother, into Sangkatnakhon on the 1st night of the waning moon in the 11th month. The locals had gathered together to give alms to the Buddha.Uthai Thani has similar religious sites and a similar topography as that of the legendary town. Together with other Buddhist activities, the sight of 300 monks coming down from the top of Mount Sakaekang is really something to be seen. Light, sound, and aroma show of the Buddha's life. Uthai Thani Specialties Exhibition, revival of central style dining in Kin samrap khao wan chom tamnan phuttha prawat, Alms giving to 500 monks on ok phansa day, and procession of floats telling the story of the Buddha's life. For more information, please contact the Uthai Thani Provincial Office of a swan Tel: 66 (0) 56511063. Date(s): 8-10 October 2007 Venue: Bang Phli, Samut Prakan This is a tradition of the people of Bang Phli comprising of Thais, Laotians and Ramans. While the Thais and Laotians were able to make their way further a field, the Ramans failed in their endeavours and decided to return home to Pak Lat (Phra Pradaeng). At dawn, on the 14th day of the waxing moon in the 11th month, prior to their journey home, they picked some lotus for worshiping Phra Khatha Ph an in Pak Lat, and entreated their Thai friends to pick the lotus every year, on that same day, so that they could come up the river to collect them. Thence a tradition was born and carried through until the present day. Luang Pho To procession, Row boat race, sea boxing, lotus salver competition, snakeskin gourami (fish) competition, traditional Thai food festival, games.For more information, please contact the Bang Phli Municipality Tel: 66 (0) 2337 3086, 66 (0) 2337 3497. Date(s): 8-15 October 2007 Venue: Tapi River, Surat Thani The Chak Phra tradition is carried out both on land and in the water. The day prior to the Chak Phra ceremony, the Wat and locals gather together to ready the boats, floats and various decorative items, placing Buddha images on the various butsabok, boats, and floats, after they have given alms to the monks (the khao tom mat is a must). On ok phansa day, the boats and floats (with Buddha images in them) are pulled from the wat to the festivities, with the beating of the phon drum preceding, announcing that the Phra have been pulled. Phum Pha Pa Contest, Phanom Phra Boat Procession, Phanom Phra Car, local cultural shows, long boat race. For more information, please contact the Surat Thani Municipality Tel: 66 (0) 7727 2513, 66 (0) 7728 2614. Date(s): 9 October 2007 Venue: The fields in front of the City Hall Chon Buri Once upon a time, the farmers would bring their produce (bananas, coconuts, present day. banana leaves, and sticky rice) to town for sale during the end of Buddhist Lent, when the town folks would be getting ready for merit making activities, including the making of khao tom hang. The farmers would then return home with goods in the buffalo cart that they had brought with them. The buffalo carts were generally parked at the wats and the buffalos were walked from time to time. This then developed into a race from place to place. As time went by, decorations were put on the buffaloes to cheer them up. These would include putting socks on their horns, decorating the harnesses and whips, and head decorations. The buffalo riders were also increasingly adorned. Thence the tradition. Although the buffaloes no longer carry goods, they have become a good excuse for people to get together each year. Buffalo Procession, Buffalo Dressing Contest, Buffalo Run, Nong Nang Ban Na Beauty Pageant, stalls. For more information, please contact the Chon Buri Municipality Tel: 66 (0) 38276321. Date(s): 10-11 October 2007 Venue: Along the Mekong River, Nong Khai A real amazing experience is waiting for you to see at Nong Khai Province. Every year, on the night when the Buddhist Lent is ended, the various size of fires sprinting above the water surface.The Legend of Naga Fireball Festival or Bang Fai Phaya Nak (Naga) Light and Sound Show, Floating of the Illuminated Boat in worship of the Phaya Nak, against the stream, art and culture show, boat race near Phon Phisai, naga worship dance, watch the bang fai phaya nak phenomenon on the Mekong in Nong Khai. Date(s): 11-14 October 2007 Venue: Lang Suan River, Chumphon The Chum phon boat race is an exciting event to watch as victory is only gained through seamless teamwork of the rowers. The steersman and the helmsman play vital rolls in snatching the winning flag and steering the boat straight, respectively. If the steersman misses the winning flag (climbing the a 3.5 metre stern), falls into the water, or if the boat capsizes before the tail has cleared the finishing line, the team forfeits its win. The trick in winning is not the speed of the rowers but the skill of the steersman in climbing sufficiently up the stern to gain a height advantage in snatching the flag. A tie is called if boats come in neck to neck with all other conditions met. The excitement in watching the proceedings, the skills of the boats men, and the camaraderie of the people in the locale all mix together into a tradition that has been fully revived and worth seeing. Buddha procession, Long Boat Race-unique in that one must climb the stern to capture the winning flag, a parade of the King's Shield and Cup, a water parade, procession competitions, and other festivities. For more information, please contact the Lang Suan Educational Office Ruea, Tel: 66 (0) 7754 1222. Date(s): 23-24 October 2007 Venue: Phatthanaphaknuea Bridge, Nan The racing boat in Nan are distinct from those in other provinces in that it is made from a single log hewn down into a slimline style, and can carry 30-58 people. A naga head is carved into the stem post of the boat with its tail snatching appearing in the stern. The body is colourfully decorated with a mixture of her paint and gold leaves. It is believed that the naga brings seasonal rain, making the Nan River delta fertile. The boat race itself is a tradition from olden days and is celebrated over 2 periods-during and after Buddhist Lent. The first period, the opening of the field, is known as the tan kuai lottery festival. Closing the field, in the second week after lent, sees 40-50 boats in competition for the King's Cup, granted in lield and Cup, 1983. King's Cup Boat Race, boat contest, Ti Khong Long Nan Ti Pan Khaeng Ruea, cheer leading contest, sale of local food and products. For more information, please contact the Nan MuniciPalit Tel: 66 (0) 5477 7626, 66 (0) 5477 4502.

September

Date(s): 6-7 September 2007 Venue: Nan River, Wat Tha Luang, Phichit Luang Pho Phet is the designated local Buddha image. In the annual worship of this image, a boat race is organised in the Nan River at Wat Tha Luang. The boats are divided into three categories- Large Long Boat, 41-55 rowers Medium Long Boat, 27-40 rowers Small Long Boat, no more than 26 rowers Boat parade at the opening ceremony, in all their glorious colours, boat race, local shows at Wat Tha Luang, festivities, and stalls. Date(s): 13-14 September 2007 Venue: Nan River, Wat Phra Si Rattana Mahathat Woramahawihan, Phitsanulok The Phitsanulok Long Boat came into being at Ban Tha Rong, Wat Phrik in Mueang District. There is an annual Offering of the Cloth to the Phra Phutthachinnarat Ceremony, after which a long boat race is held in the Nan River; a tradition that has been carried through to the present day. The race proper starts from 10.00 onwards with all participating boats richly decorated. There are also different processions such as the Ram Mang Khala procession, Khon Pa procession, etc. Prior to the race, an oblation is made to Mae Ya Nang Ruea. The winner is selected from winners of each round where all the losers are dropped and the measure of a winning vessel does not include decorations, just the boat proper. For more information, please contact the Phitsanulok Municipality Tel: 66 (0) 5523 1400-1414 ext: 117. Date(s): 16-21 September 2007 Venue: Suriyothai Military Camp 16, Hua Hin, Prachuap Khiri Khan Anantara Resort & Spa, Hua Hin, and the Thai Elephant Conservation Centre, with the support of the World Elephant Polo Association (WEPA) and TAT, organised the first King's Cup Elephant Polo Tournament in 2001. Elephant Polo is popular in Thailand and the Commonwealth and was first held by a Mogul King in India. In 1982, Jim Edward, an Englishman, and James McClark, a Scots, living in Switzerland, adapted the form of the game to that played today. The King's Cup Elephant Polo Tournament 2003, hosted by Anantara Resort & Spa Hua Hin, is the third edition of this great event in Thailand featuring teams from 10 nations competing for this coveted trophy. This sport is known as the Sport of Kings-the polo players use sticks up to 2 meters long in teams of three under rules developed by the World Elephant Polo Association. Elephant Painting, Elephant Orchestra and our Elephant Landspeed Record are all part of this family event. For more information, please contact Anantara Resort & Spa Hua Hin Tel: 66 (0) 3252 0250. Date(s): 24-28 September 2007 Venue: Wat Trai Phum, Phetchabun The Um Phra Dam Nam Festival is one that is dear to the locals of Phetchabun who hold Phra Phuttha Maha Thammaracha sacred. The image currently resides at Wat Trai Phum. Locals, and those in the vicinity, believe that to ensure seasonal rain, Phra Phuttha Maha Thammaracha must be paraded around town and back to Wat Trai Phum. The Governor of the Phetchabun would normally then carry the image into the river and walk into all four directions. Phra Phuttha Maha Thammaracha procession around town, the image is then set up for general worship at Wat Trai Phum. In the evening, there is an evening prayer, festivities, and games. Next morning, there is making merit on Sat Day, The Dam Nam Ceremony, with the Governor carrying the Buddha image through the river, and followed by a boat race.For more information, please contact the Phetchabun Public Relations Tel: 66 (0) 5672 1733. Date(s): 21-25 September 2007 Venue: Bang Nara River, Narathiwat Ko Lae Boat Race is a bonding tradition long observed by the locals. The boats are normally colourfully adorned with creatures from legends and fairy tales (Nagas, Hanuman, Lions). Once upon a time the boat would reach a length of 20-25 cubits and were made from Malabar Ironwood, and Lamphu. Long Kong Day Festival, Krachut Day Festival, Long Tail Boat Festival, Ko Lae Boat Race, Krong Hua Chuk Bird Cooing Contest, Zebra Dove Cooing Contest. For more information, please contact the Narathiwat Provincial Office Tel: 66 (0) 7351 1450. Date(s): 25-26 September 2007 Venue: Wat Kasattrathirat, Ayutthaya The Long Boat race has long been a tradition in Ayutthaya since its time as the country's capital. Then, it was the anointed festival for the 11th month and has been carried out to the present day. Long Boat Race, Cheerleading Contest. Date(s): 25 September-4 October 2007 Venue: Chinese Shrines, Phuket The two most famous vegetarian festivals in the South are held in Phuket and Trang. The Phuket variety is calLed Prapheni Kin Che. It is believed that the tradition came into Thailand with the Chinese immigrants. Believers gather together to help clean out the spirit shrine, aka Am; lighting incense sticks to prepare for the arrival of 9 angels. In the evening, there is a ceremony to Yok Ong Song Te and to request the presence of the 9 angels. Nine lanterns are also lit up and placed aloft a Ko Teng pole, symbolising the presence of the sacred through out the 9-day festival. Date(s): 28 September 2007 Venue: Yaowarat (China Town), Bangkok Yaowarat is Thailand's largest chinatown and is a food centre that can cater to all tastes. Food demonstration, Food sale, and Festivities.

August

Date(s): 9-10 August 2007 Venue: Srinagarindra Dam, Kanchanaburi Mountain bike riding has become a popular sport, with riding clubs popping up in the various provinces, and local and international competitions being held. Mountain Bike Riding Competition at the Second Field. Date(s): 12 August 2007 Venue: Nationwide Throughout Thailand, public buildings and homes are decorated in honour of Her Majesty Queen Sirikit on the occasion of her birthday. The most splendid are to be seen in Bangkok, particularly along Ratchadamnoen Avenue and in the area around the Grand Palace, where government offices and streets are garlanded with coloured lights. Today, H.M. the Queen's Birthday is also recognized as Mother's Day. Date(s): 25 August 2007 Venue: Songkhla Songkhla is the economic, social, political, administrative, education, and transportation hub of the South. The Marathon is open to all and is divided into 4 categories Marathon 42.195 km. Half-Marathon 21.1 km. Mini-Half-Marathon 10.5 km. Fitness Run 3 km.For more information, please contact the Songkhla Provincial Office Tel: 66 (0) 7431 3206, 66(0) 7431 2046

July

Date(s): 13-14 July 2007 Venue: Si Mueang Field, Ubon Ratchathani Buddhists have long observed the tradition of the candle procession, during Buddhist Lent, in reverence of the Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha. Once upon a time, candles used to be rolled the length of the circumference of ones head and used during Lent, and were offered to the monks together with oil, other offering, and bathing cloths. As time passed the intricacies in design evolved and improved into those that are seen today. Receiving the Royal Lent Candle, Candle Beauty Pageant, Candle Competition, Pha Khao Laeng style dinner, alms giving, Lent Candle Procession-those taking part in the procession being dressed in local dress, Local dances-Ram Tang Wai, Ram Klong Vao, Fon Phu Thai, Soeng Sa Wing. For more information, please contact the Ubon Ratchathani Provincial Office Tel: 66 (0) 4525 4827. Date(s): 13-14 July 2007 Venue: Wat Phra Phutthabat Ratchaworamahawihan, Phra Phutthabat, Saraburi According to legend, Phimphisan, king of Ratchakhrue received 8 handfuls of jasmine from Malakan, everyday. In return, Malakan was appropriately awarded. One day, while picking jasmine, Malakan saw the Buddha with his disciples going about their alms round. He also noted the 6-coloured aura (black, peat, crimson, Otard, bright red, praphatson) emanating from the Buddha. On seeing the aura, Malakan was filled with faith in the Buddha, and, not fearing the consequences of not having the requisite jasmine for Phimphisan, proceded to throw two handfuls into the Buddha's path. On the strength of his belief, the flowers circumvented Buddha's head three times and hovered in a sheet above Buddha's right hand. He threw another two handfuls, and the flowers once again circumvented the Buddha's head, this time coming to rest in a hover behind him. The last two handfuls came to rest above the Buddha's left hand. All the flower tips pointed towards the Buddha himself. Filled with rapture, Malakan paid his respects to the Buddha and developed a five-tiered aura, to the amazement of those around him. Those seeing the miracle then proceeded to follow the progress of the Buddha. On learning of the Buddha's approach from Malakan's wife, who was asking for a divorce from the latter lest she be punished alongside him for his lapse, King Phimphisan rushed forth to pay his respects to the Buddha, and followed him in all his faith. He also granted Malakan 8 each of elephants, horses, slaves, jewellery, thousands of kasapana, and maidens of good household with dowry, and houses. As a result of throwing the jasmines in the Buddha's path in worship instead of alms giving, Malakan was able to live peacefully thereafter. The legend has given rise to the tradition of Tak Bat Dok Mai to this day. The Festival is divided into three parts – In the morning we have traditional folk shows on the grounds of Wat Phra Phutthabat including concerts, Klong Yao competition, Krabi Krabong, Takro, etc. In some years there may also be an orchid contest and a flower-arranging contest. In the afternoon, the offering, Ram Thoet Thoeng Klong Yao, and agricultural produces processions move from Wat Phra Phutthabat School to Wat Phra Phutthabat.During the Tak Bat Ook Mai ceremony, the attendees flock to both sides of the path leading up to the spire in the North, each readying flowers to be offered to the monks. The monks are preceded by a Klong Yao procession that allows the gatherers the opportunity to offer the flowers to the monks as they move towards the spire. The crowd would then move to the Southern side of the spire connected to the Study Hall with bowls of water filled with bullet wood or jasmine flowers for washing the monks' feet. The flower offerings are taken by the monks to the Roi Phra Phutthabat, in worship. They then walk down in single file. Those gathered then use the leftover water in the bowls to cleanse their feet before entering the Study Hall to continue in their worship, in this instance, inviting positive criticism by others. Date(s): 20 July 2007 Venue: Pattaya, Chon Buri Pattaya is Thailand’s most well-known tourist destination, with many facilities both on land and at sea. Three categories Marathon 42.195 km. Half-Marathon 21.10 km. Water Marathon 10.55 km. Date(s): 25-27 July 2007 Venue: Lamai Beach and Chaweng Beach, Surat Thani Samui is a beautiful Island in the south of Thailand. It always welcomes domestic and international visitors. Local art and culture show, local sports-old style boat race, bazaar, Thai and local food festival, Miss Samui Festival Pageant, Coconut Dehusking Contest, Coconut Grating Contest, Monkey Climbing Contest, etc.

June

Date(s): 1 June-31 July 2007 Venue: nationwide Statistically speaking, tourist spending in Thailand has been on the increase with potential to grow even further. The Amazing Thailand Grand Sale promotion aims to show case Thailand's capacity as a producer of a great variety of products, and competitiveness. Many of the goods available are unique to their locale. Shopping Shops and department stores across the country have goods on sale from 10-80% off. Receive a lucky dip Coupon for every THB 1,000 with prizes totalling more than THB 9 million. Date(s): 15 June-31 July 2007 Venue: Pa Hin Ngam National Park, Chaiyaphum The first Kra Chiao (Turmeric) Flower Festival was organized in 1998 and has been held annually ever since.Pong Lang band, Khaen band, Klong Seng band, daily life re-enactment, Silk Turmeric competition, Kra Chiao flower painting competition, web page competition, exhibitions, sale of local produce, and car rallies and mountain bike rallies.For more information, please contact the Thep Sathit District Tel: 66(0) 4485 7099, 66(0) 4485 7105 Date(s): 28 -30 June 2007 Venue: Wat Phonchai, Dan Sai, Loei Phi Ta Khon is a part of the Bun Luang Festival, the biggest merit making ceremony of Dan Sai district. Participants wear ugly, but colourful, ghost masks with very pointy noses, dressing up in quilted costumes with holes large enough to put their hands through. The Phi Ta Khon has his own personal weapon and a Makkalaeng similar to a square bell, tied to his waist. Replica horses, buffaloes and elephants, etc form part of the procession. The festival takes place over two days. On the first day, a procession carries the Phra Uppakhut from Lam Nam Man to Phonchal Temple. On the second day, the procession proceeds into town. In the evening, monks give sermons on the reincarnations of Buddha in 13 parts. The carrying of Phra Uppakhut, Welcoming Chao Pho Kuan Ceremony, Chao Pho Kuan Procession to Wat Phonchai. Phi Ta Khon parades Phra Vessandorn into town. There are also a rocket procession, Phi Ta Khon dance competition, agricultural produce competition, exhibitions, and art and culture shows. For more information, please contact the Dan Sai District Tel: 66 (0) 4283 3209.

May

Date(s): 2-6 May 2007 Venue: The grounds in front of Trat City Hall, Trat Trat has the ideal condition for the propagation of almost all tropical fruits grown in Thailand. Merit making, historical exhibitions, various competitions, various shows, public and private sector exhibitions, various entertainment. Date(s): 4-12 May 2007 Venue: The Agricultural Fruit Market at Taphong, Rayong Rayong has the ideal condition for the propagation of almost all tropical fruits grown in Thailand. Fruit Float Competition, Thida Chao Suan Pageant, Agricultural produce ceremony and by-product competition. For more information, please contact the Ranong Agricultural Office Tel: 66 (0) 3887 0401. Date(s): 8 May 2007 Venue: Sanam Luang, Bangkok The Royal Ploughing Ceremony is actually two ceremonies in one. The first, the Phra Ratchaphithi Phuetcha Mongkhon is a Buddhist ceremony to bless the plants. The second, the Charot Phra Nangkhan Kan is a brahmin ceremony to bless the plants. The ceremonies are carried out each year to bring good fortune to all plants, and to boost morale. This tradition was adopted during the reign of Rama IV. As noted in Rama V's book on the royal ceremonies of the twelves months, Phra Ratchaphithi Sipsong Duean. "Charot Phra Nangkhan used to only invoke brahmin rituals and in no way made use of buddhist rituals. However, Rama IV introduced the rites of the buddhist monks into the conduct of all royal ceremonies, of which the Charot I Phra Nangkhan is one. However, he set aside the buddhist ritual as a separate ceremony called Phuetcha Mongkhon" It is believed that the Phra Ratchaphithi Charot Phra Nangkhan Raek Na Khwan, commonly known as the Raek Na Khwan Ceremony, dates back to before the days of Sukhothai, although there is no citable source to confirm this. The ceremony is referred to in the Nang Nopphamat Book, which dates from the Sukhothai period. During the Ayutthaya period, the ceremony was of great importance as it was recorded in the laws of the land as a compulsory royal ceremony that must be conducted in the 6th month. On the first day of ploughing, the king bestows his sword and sceptre to the Phraya Raek Na Khwan as though conferring his powers; at the same time he takes a step back and does not most a tropical grant audiences, taking a reduced load. In the Rattanakosin period, the Phra Ratchaphithi Phuetcha Mongkhon ceremony was conducted by monks on the grounds of Sanam Luang. The brahmin Phra Ratchaphithi Charot Phra Nangkhan Raek Na Khwan was conducted at Thung Som Poi, outside the Royal Palace. Both were conducted on the same day and at the same time. The Phra Ratchaphithi Charot Phra Nangkhan Raek Na Khwan was temporarily suspended between 1936 and 1959, during the transition from a government system of absolute monarchy to that of a constitutional monarchy. The practice of the Phra Ratchaphithi Phuetcha Mongkhon continued to be conducted throughout this time. In 1960, Rama IX brought the two ceremonies together as they had been in ancient times. Date(s): 9-11 May 2007 Venue: Phaya Thaen Public Park, Yasothon This festival celebrates a Ratchaphithi tradition of shooting Bang Fais (rockets) into the sky by way of a prayer for plentiful rainfall, at the right time and at the right place. The purpose of the associated merit making is to venerate Buddha, perpetuate Buddhism, ask for rain, engender cohesion, show spirit, and to thank the spirits for their benevolence. From the I-san population's perspective, the Rocket Festival is an integral part of the veneration of Buddha on the anniversary of his Birth, Enlightenment, and Nirvana on Visakha Puja Day.The district of Yoshida, Sitama, Japan also participates in this festival as it which reflects their own practice of thanking the spirits for making the rain fall and giving an abundant yield. The Festival takes place over three days. On the first day, Suk Dip Day, each rocket team proceed with the rockets to pay homage to Chao Pu and Chao Pho lak Mueang. On the second day, the Hae Bang Fai Day (rocket procession day), offerings of food and cloths are made to monks at the Sala Kan Parian. The procession then proceeds to pay homage to the Mahesak lak Mueang, Chao Pho Pu Ta, and all the sacred spirits of the village. On firing day, offerings are made to monks in the morning, followed by a rocket procession around the temple hall in reverence of the guardian angels and sacred spirits. The rockets are then readied for firing. For more information, please contact the Yasothon Municipality Tel: 66 (0) 45711397. Date(s): 15 May 2007 Venue: Phuttha Monthon, Nakhon Pathom Visakha Puja Day is an important day in the Buddhist religion and falls on the 15th day of the waxing moon of the 6th month. Buddhists the world over celebrate Buddha's benevolence in sharing the fruit of his enlightenment to the world at large, in the hope of ending suffering in the world. On 14 December 1999, the United Nations designated the day as a day of global importance. Candle light procession. Observe the beauty of the main Buddha image Phra Si Sakkayathotsaphonlayan Prathan Phuttha Monthon Suthat For more information, please contact the Phuttha Monthon Office Tel: 66 (0) 24419801-3. Date(s): 24 May-1 June 2007 Venue: Thung Na Choei, Chanthaburi The festival has been organised to popularise Chantaburi’s various produce. Thida Chao Suan Beauty Peagent. Fruit Float competition, agriculture produce competition, agricultural exhibitions, free gemstone for all participants, a rally, a mini marathon, concerts, folk music, sale of agricultural produce. Date(s): 24 May-1 June 2007 Venue: Prachin Buri Thai food is very popular I moon of because of its tastes, intricacies involved in its preparation and decoration, and selection of nutritional ingredients. Food and Fruit Market-Stalls set up by eateries recommended by the Shell Chuan Chim (a popular food critique show) team, and various other sellers.

April

Date(s): 25 March-15 April 2003 Venue: Wat Chongkhamklang, Mae Hong Son Mae Hong Son is unique in its natural surrounds, art and culture, and traditions. It is noted for its Poi Sang Long (ordination of novices in the Thai Vai or Tai) tradition that has its root in the Buddhist belief of the thai Yais who founded the town in 1831. It is believed that assisting in It the ordination of novices (generally aged 10 years and above), who are pure of heart, brings the greatest merit to the practitioner. Of interest are the Khrueang Thai Than and Sang Long processions, the Klong Yao and Klong Mong Soeng processions, and Thai Yai art and cultural shows. Date(s): 1-7 April 2003 Venue: Ranong Ranong is blessed with natural resources ideal for tourism including the sea, islands, dive sites, and fishing, a marshland noted by UNESCO as a biological conservation area, a sulphurless hot spring with beneficial properties, traces of WWII, mountains, forests, and waterfalls. It also benefits from its proximity to the Myanmar border. The festival has been conceived to showcase the many of Ranong's attractions. Car rallies, fishing competition, tour of the forests, town, WWII sites, hot spring, Pushing a Motar up the Mountain Competition, Southern Cultural exhibitions, Tourism exhibitions, camping, barbeques, local handicraft shows, photography competition, and hot spring and herbal health presentations, etc. For more information, please contact the Ranong Provincial Office Tel:66 (0) 7771 1123. Date(s): 1-9 April 2003 Venue: All over Chiang Mai The festival was conceived as a means to preserve and highlight Chiang Mai's art and culture. Lanna Tradition Fair at the Lanna Tradition School, Poi Sang Long at Pa Pao Temple, local artists' exhibitions, local puppet shows at the Chiang Mai Puppet Concert Hall, Concert at the Three Kings Monument, cultural tour, and local produce fair. Date(s): 5-6 April 2003 Venue: Phanom Rung Historical Park, Buri Ram Traditionally, the locals would go up to the Phanom Rung Temple for alms giving and to worship the imprint of Buddha's foot on the 15th night of the waxing moon in the fifth month. The Phanom Rung Temple is a large temple on top of a mountain (Phanom translates to Mountain, and Rung translates to vast, therefore Phanom Rung C translates to large mountain). It is a religious site built in the Saivite Brahmin style set on top a mountain, 360 meters above sea level. According to records, the temple was built by Hiranya, who dedicated it to his sadhu father, Narenthrathit, in the reign of Suryajvarman II. The structure's construction is dated between 1078 and 1178 C.E. in the same period as the Phimai and Phanom Wan Temples of 1080-1106 C.E., in Nakhon Ratchasima. When the Khmer Empire was centred at Yasotharapura, there existed a city called Mahitharapura that had established relationships with it. Each city had its own ruling dynasties which were related to each other; Athittayawong in Yasotharapura and Chantharawong in Mahitharapura. While Suryajavaman killed his uncle in battle, the latter's wife, Phupatinatharlakshmi Devi and son, Narenthrathit, were spared. Narenthrathit was said to be a handsome man, well-liked by the female sex, skilled in archery, being able to shoot an arrow on target without looking, and brave enough to hunt down an elephant, cut its head off, throw it into the river, turning it into a sea of blood. For his own safety, he renounced the world and became a sadhu (holy man), building Phanom Rung. The construction took into account astrological aspects, and was built so that the Sun's ray would beam through all fifteen doors of the temple in a straight line, with small intersections, on the 15th day of the waxing moon in the 5th month. As time passed, Phupatinatharlaksami Devi, missing her son and grandson, left Yasotharapura for Phanom Rung with Chariya, her Lady-in-waiting, and entourage in attendance. She constructed statues of celestial bearers in all 10 directions in worship of all the gods in the universe. She also gave 10 cows and 100 goats to the sadhu Narenthrathit. The main attraction of this festival is the fact that it is the only day when one can observe a single shaft of light going through all fifteen doors of the structure. There is the re-enactment of Phupatinatharlakshmi Devi Procession including Chariya, the lady in waiting, and entourage, together with the 10 bearer animals-swan, elephant, cow, rhinoceros, ,lion, peacock, naga, horse, raksot, and buffalo. Up to 1,000 people, in ancient Khmer costumes, would normally take part in the procession. Additionally, there is also the Great Temple of the Gods Phanom Rung light and sound show, and local fare.For more information, please contact the Chaloem Phra Kiat District Tel: on the 1,5th 66 (0) 4462 8119. Date(s): 7-8 April 2003 Venue: Wat Hat Siao, Si Satchanalai, Sukhothai The tradition of setting Buddhist novices atop elephants in a procession around the village comes from the legend of Vessandorn (an incarnation of Buddha) in the Buddhist sutras. On the day Phra Nang Phutsadi gave birth to Vessandorn, Patchainakhen, the auspicious elephant, came into Chetudon, ensuring rain during the rainy season. It came to pass that 8 Brahmins from the neighbouring district of Kaningkarat sought relief from Vessandorn, who gave them Patchainakhen to alleviate the calamity. Vessandorn was then forced into exile in the Himalayas. This legend sits well in the village of Hat Siao where elephants are raised to be hired out to haul logs in Phrae and Lampang. They only get to rest from work in April coinciding with the ordination festivities, and have been enlisted in the merit making ordination procession.The ordination celebrations are planned a year in advance, when the parents of the monks or novices to be ordained (Chua Hua and Chua Ai) learn the ropes by helping with the ordination of other people's sons, and hinting to their own son(s)' ordination the following year. The abbott of Wat Hat Siao is advised of the names of those boys/men to be ordained the following year. The necessary equipments are bought. The elephants and the mahout are booked, the entertainment and band organized.Three to four days prior to the celebrations, the host prepares his home, building necessary extensions and stages, elephant corrals for the beasts that would normally arrive in the evening of the Suk Dip Day (Half cooked) or in the early morning of the procession day. Banana flowers, bamboo, bananas and sugar canes are bought in to feed the elephants. According to tradition, the Celebration takes place over two days-Procession Day and Ordination Day; three days if one includes the Suk Dip Day. The Suk Dip Day always fall on the 6th of April. The ladies of the house, dressed in local costume and carrying colourful umbrellas, would venture out in the morning to invite all to make merit.The articles used in the ordination of novices amongst the Thai Phuan of Sukhothai differ from that of the central region in that it includes a Kruai Attha. This is a small loosely woven bamboo basket decorated with brightly coloured patterned cellophane, and contains bananas, cooked rice cakes, khao kiap wao (rolled rice crackers). There are two offering trays carrying rolled rice crackers, sweet sticky rice in banana leaves, sugarcane, bananas incense and candles, and Trai cloth; all of which serves to remind the novice of the things his parents had brought him up with. Suk Dip Day is the day of greatest celebration. The novice procession takes place after breakfast the following morning; after the novice's relatives take turns in shaving his head and eyebrows, bathe, and don a white long sleeve shirt with matching pha nung (sarong) (some prefer navy). His faced is also heavily powdered, and in some cases, he is also bejewelled. While the novice to be is cared for, his ride is also preened for the procession. Once the novice to be and his elephant are ready, he puts on a hat and sunglasses, and gets onto his elephant. He then clasps his hand together with palms flat together. In between the palm he holds onto incense sticks, candles, and fresh flowers. Before the procession moves off, the host hands out straw hats (sprayed or with the novices name on it) to all those present. When the procession ends at Wat Hat Siao, Pho Thao (old man) helps the novice to be down from the elephant and leads him to worship at the spirit shrine on temple grounds, after which the novice to be is left with a piece of coloured paper with a naga engraved on the reverse. Once all the novices to be have gathered together, the procession, novices atop the elephants, continues into the temple grounds proper. In general, the celebrations include preparation of the novice to be, elephant procession, taking the novices to the temple, religious ceremonies at the temple, and various festivities. For more information, please contact the Si Satchanalai District Tel: 66(0) 5567 1466. Date(s): 13-15 April 2003 Venue: Nationwide The word Song kran is derived from a Sanskrit word meaning “passing” or "moving" , measuring the movement of the sun through the twelve astrological signs beginning with Aries, Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Virgo, Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, Capricorn, Aquarius, and Pisces; each passing taking approximately 30 days through each sign. It takes a year for the sun to pass through all the signs. This calendar is in use in India and the Southeast Asian Nations that have been influenced by India-Thailand, Myanmar, Cambodia, Laos, etc.The 13th is Maha Songkran day, the first day of the new year celebrations, when the sun moves from Pisces into Aries, and when the lengths of the day and night are equal. Songkran is an important merit making period lasting three days, being Maha Songkran Day, last day of the old year (13th) Klang or Nao Day, New Year's Eve (14th) New Year or Thaloengsok Day (15th) The legend of the Songkran Goddess There is a specific godness associated with each day upon which the Maha Songkran Day falls i.e. Thungsa, Khorak, Raksot, Montha, Kirini, Kimitha, and Mahothon for Monday through to Sunday, respectively. The goddesses are the daughters of the god Maha Songkran, otherwise known as Kabinlaphrom, who lost his head in a wager with Thammabankuman. They are tasked with carrying his head so that it would not touch the ground lest the earth were to be incinerated, or the air lest the rain not fall, or the oceans as they would dry and up. So each year, the goddesses each take their turn in carrying his head on a celestrial salver.The tradition has long been celebrated in Thailand; the celebrations providing families with an opportunity to get together, allowing youngsters the chance to pay respect to their elders and for the elders to bless the younger members of the family. It is a time of community, friendship, and renewal of ties. The community also gets a chance to pull together in making merit and engaging in other activities such as building sand stupas, splashing of water, and general spring cleaning of the home and temples. Giving alms, releasing of birds and fish, Nang Songkran procession, bathing buddha images, and seeking the benediction of family elders. Date(s): 7-15 April 2003 Venue: Sanam Luang, Ratchadamnoen IS of the day Klang Avenue, Maha Chetsadabodin Square, Phra Athit Road, Khao San Road, ays, being Wisutkasat Road, Phraeng Phuthon Square, Santichaiprakan Park and Silom Road, Bangkok The Songkran tradition has long been observed by Thais over a period of three days, being the 13th, 14th, and 15th of April when the locals would give alms, release birds and fish, bathe Buddha images, build sand stupas, hold Nang Songkran and floral processions, and splash water, as in any other region of Thailand. The most well known celebrations take place in Khao San Road, Bang Lamphu, Sanam Luang, Wat Mahathat, and Wat Pho. Maha Songkran procession, alms giving at Sanam Luang, various activities around Rattanakosin Island, Phra Phuttha Sihing Bathing Procession, Songkran in Khao San Road, Songkran in Wisutkasat, splashing of water, release of birds and fish, Miss Songkran procession, bathing of Buddha images in general, and seeking the blessing of elders. Date(s): 8-15 April 2003 Venue: Bueng Kaen Nakhon, Khon Kaen The Northeast of Thailand has a strict code of conduct called the Hit Sip Song that normally governs religious activities that also require the making of merit in the fifth month i.e. during Songkran on the 13th, 14th, and 15th of April. The rites will vary from area to area. However, there are elements in common including the bathing of the Buddha image in the central pavilion or a specially constructed cleansing tower. There is also the splashing of water. In some villages, there are processions of flowers to be offered to the temple, and listening to sermons in the evening. Any individual village will take turns to host the processions by providing the meals on the day; however, this practice is slowly dying out. The Dok Khun Siang Khaen Songkran Festival commenced as a revival of merit making in Khon Kaen Hit Sip Song tradition. Food Fair, local games, floral procession, Miss Kaen Nakhon pageant, seeking elders' blessings, sports competition, release of fish and birds, alms giving, concerts, and Mo Lam Luk Thung shows. For more information, please contact the Khon Kaen Municipality Tel: 66 (0) 4322 4031 ext: 401. Date(s): 11-15 April 2003 Venue: Chiang Mai For the Northerners the Maha Songkran Day is known as Sang Khan Rong Day (the completion of a year) and is the last day of the year. At dawn, guns are fired to chase away bad luck and evil, houses are cleaned, folks bathe and wash their hair, dress up in clean clothes, and go out to Aeo Pi Mai (relax in the New Year). Water splashing starts on this day.The following day is the Nao or Da Day when everything is readied for merit making. In the afternoon, sand is carried up from the embankment to the nearest temple for the construction of sand stupas which are decorated with tungs or thongchais (a long piece of cloth on a stick). The third day is Phaya Wan or Thaloengsok Day. Food is prepared for offerings at the temple in the morning, and to be given to respected elders and to make merit to one's ancestors. The latter is called Than Khan Khao. Once completed, merit making continues at the sand stupas, birds and fish that also are released, stupas and Buddha images cleansed, and Pho trees on temple grounds and villages are propped up. On this day, everyone gets ready for kan dam hua (blessing by water) in order to su ma kharawa, where the youngsters (relatively) seek forgiveness for trespasses against their elders. Kan dam hua continues into Pak Pi Day when a Dam Hua procession, comprising people in local costumes and large bouquets of flowers, is led by dancers to ask forgiveness from elders, village heads, district heads and senior officials (the Governor) for example. On this day there is also the kan dam hua ku where forgiveness is asked of our forbearers. The dam hua tradition is a significant part of the Northern culture reflecting forgiveness, respect, friendship, and cohesion. Merit making, Buddha image bathing, Lanna cultural shows, local games, seeking forgiveness, morning market, carrying sand to the temple, building sand stupas, local costume parades, pageants and processions.For more information, please contact the Chiang Mai Municipality Tel: 66 (0) 5333 8048. Date(s): 12-15 April 2003 Venue: Sanam Luang, Bangkok The Northeast of Thailand has a strict code of conduct called the Hit Sip Song governing religious activities; it requires the making of merit in the fifth month i.e. during Songkran being the 13th, 14th, and 15th of April. The associated rites will vary from area to area; however, there are elements in common including the bathing of the Buddha image in the central pavilion or specially constructed bathing tower. There is also the splashing of water. In some villages, there are processions of flowers to be offered in the temples, and listening to sermons in the evenings. Any individual village will take turns to host the processions by providing meals on the day; however, this practice is slowly dying out. Traditional alms giving, bathing of Luang Pho Phra Sai (a Buddha image) that is paraded around town, Nang Songkran Procession, bathing Buddha images, seeking forgiveness from elders, water sports competition, Thai-Lao cultural exchange exhibitions, various competitions in the vicinity of Chommani Beach. Date(s): 6-13 April 2003 Venue: Songkhla The Songkran tradition has long been observed by Southern Thais over a period of three days, being the 13th, 14th, and 15th of April when the locals would give alms, release birds and fish, bathe Buddha images, build sand stupas, hold Nang Songkran and floral processions, and splash water, as in any other region of Thailand. The most well known celebrations are held at Sala Thai, Samila Penninsula, from the 6th onwards until the 15th. The celebrations are well attended by visitors from Malaysia and Singapore. Another popular site is at Mueang in Nakhon Si Thammarat where the Phra Phuttha Sihing is brought out to be bathed. There are also the alms giving at the central lawns, and Nang Songkran and Nang Kradan processions, etc. Phra Phuttha Sihing procession, seeking the elders' blessings, sand stupa competition, water splashing, local games e.g. Khe Lak Yop, head wrestling, Midnight Songkran, Miss Songkran Pageant. For more information, please contact the Hat Yai Municipality Tel: 66 (0)7424 4777, (or) the Songkhla Tourism Association Tel: 66 (0) 7443 9490-6. Date(s): 13-15 April 2003 Venue: Wihan Mongkhon Bophit and Khun Phaen’s house, Ayutthaya The Songkran tradition has long been observed by Thais over a period of three days, being the 13th, 14th, and 15th of April when the locals would give alms, release birds and fish, bathe Buddha images, build sand I stupas, hold Nang Songkran and floral processions, and splash water, as in any other region of Thailand. Songkran celebrations in Ayutthaya are held at Khun Phaen's House on the grounds of the Ayutthaya Historical Park, replicating the atmosphere and setting of yesteryears.Miss Songkran Pageant, processions and shows, water splashing, alms giving, release of birds and fish, bathing Buddha images, seeking elders' blessings. Date(s): 13-15 April 2003 Venue: Nakhon Si Thammarat The dictionary definition of Songkran is given as the traditional celebration of the New Year as dictated by the passage of the Sun, falling on every t where the Phra 13th, 14th, and 15th of April. The Songkran tradition in Nakhon Si Thammarat is different from those of other provinces, given its unique environment, varying factors, and beliefs.The 13th, or the Maha Songkran Day, is called the Chao Mueang Kao Day or the Song Chao Mueang Kao Day (Old Overlord or Farewelling the Old Overlord). The gods entrusted with the fate of the land and its people must leave the land that they are in charge of, and congregate in heaven. The 14th, the Nao Day, is known as the Wang Day (Empty/Free), as all the gods have congregated in heaven leaving no representative on earth. At the gathering, the gods brief all present on the events of the year, detailing the good and bad deeds of those in their charge, and presenting their problems. The celestial committee then reshuffles the various god postings as seem fit. At the end of the meeting, the gods remain in heaven for a social get together in the evening. On the last day of Songkran, the Chao Mueang Mai or Rap Chao Mueang Mai Day (New Overlord or Welcoming the New Overlord), the gods bid farewell to each other and take up their new postings on earth. Alms giving on the grounds of the Central Lawn, Bathing Phuttha Sihing, Nang Songkran procession, Nang Kradan procession in the Brahmin tradition, cultural shows, local festivals, traditional Thai markets, and water splashing. Date(s): 19-20 April 2003 Venue: Phra Pradaeng, Samut Prakan There is the Songkran tradition of the Phra Pradaeng area in Samut Prakan. This Raman tradition differs from that of Bangkok in that there is a procession of birds and fish (to be released) in containers held by maidens. There is also the Khao Chae (rice in chilled water) procession where girls pair up to take the khao chae and accompaniments to the various temples in the early morning, and the playing of Saba, a traditional game. The locals would normally dress up in Raman style. The Phra Pradaeng Songkran Festival used to be called the Pak Lat Songkran (at the mouth of the Lat Stream) and is known for its impressive Nang Songkran processions.Processions, Thai Raman costume procession with some girls leading the procession, some carrying fish bowls and bird cages, flanked by men in round neck shirts and sarongs, set off by a sabai (length of cloth) draped loosely around the neck, hanging down their backs. There is also the playing of the Saba (a Raman Game), and pageants. For more information, please contact the Phra Pradaeng Municipality Tel: 66 (0) 2463 4841 ext: 129-130.

March

Date(s): 1-31 March 2003 Venue: Sanam Luang, Bangkok Thai sports competitions have been held at Sanam Luang since 1950. The Festival is currently being organised under the "Thailand Grand Festival" Campaign, the theme for March being "Summer Music & Sport". Various contests including kite flying, Takro-lothuang, Krabi-Krabong (sword- staff), sword fighting, chess, Ska (a variation of the chess game with moves being made in line with the roll of the dice), and checkers. For more information, please contact the Bangkok Tourist Bureau Tel: 66(0) 2225 7612-5. Date(s): 1-2 March 2003 Venue: Khwan Mueang Park, Yala Thais believe that the dove is blessed animal that brings good fortune to its owners. Birds with the right characteristics bring wealth and prestige. Some say the birds are symbols of purity, happiness, and peace. As such the birds hay become popular pets, so much so that local cooing competitions are held at various fairs and festivals. Cooing competition in the low, mid, and high pitches, sale of bird paraphernalia. For more information, please contact the Yala Municipality Tel: 66 (0) 73214898. Date(s): 15-16 March 2003 Venue: Saithong Sikhotabun Beach, Nakhon Phanom The coverage of the Mekong Sub-Region-china, Myanmar, Laos, Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam-is gradually expanding with increased investments, especially in the tourism industry. The main draw card is the Mekong River itself, which is the Longest International river in Southeast Asia and the 12th longest in the world. Nakhon Phanom’s location along this river makes it an ideal entry point into Indochina. Triathlon-swimming, cycling, and running, and other activities such as local cultural shows, Indochina tours, and the Mekong Food Festival. Date(s): 21-23 March 2003 Venue: Pattaya Beach, Chon Buri The festival is arranged under the “Thailand Grand Festival” Campaign. Enjoy a variety of music, including pop, rock, dance, hip-hop, phleng phuea chiwit(alternative) music, etc and have fun dancing on Beach Road. Come and Enjoy the summer time

February

Date(s): 25 January-5 February 2003 Venue: Pak Nam Pho Market, Nakhon Sawan The Pak Nam Pho area (Nakhon Sawan) is home to a large population of Thais of Chinese descent (Cantonese, Hainanese, Teow Chao, and Hakka) who have been celebrating the Chinese New Year with offerings to the spirits and their ancestors, since 1935. Apart from the offerings, there is also a Dragon and Lion Parade. In the old days, the Chinese believed that the dragon was a god, benevolent towards mankind, making possible rain, wind, fire, and the seasons of the year, who must be paid homage to as a show of gratitude. The Lion is a symbol of courage, stability and all things noble. In order to ensure good luck, a lion procession is held to chase away all evil. Statues of various spirits and deities in the various temples are brought out and paraded around for general homage. Pak Nam Pho Spirit Procession, The Golden Dragon Procession, Eng Ko Pho Bu (a Chinese fan dance reminiscent of a peacock splaying its tail), The International Lion Dance Championship Competition, light and sound show, Chinese cultural shows including Chinese opera, Chinese dress. For more information, please contact the Nakhon Sawan Provincial Office Tel: 66 (0) 5622 7001, the Nakhon Sawan Sports Association Tel: 66 (0) 5622 7444. Date(s): 1-2 February 2003 Venue: Yaowarat Road (China Town), Bangkok Thailand has long been a melting pot of many nationalities, with a significant number of the populace now being of Chinese descent. Thoroughly assimilated into all aspect of Thai society and commerce, the various aspects of the Chinese culture can be seen in concentration in Yaowarat (China Town) and Charoen Krung Road, packed with shops and stalls. Each year, Thais of Chinese descent congregate here to celebrate the Chinese New Year, welcoming fellow Thais and foreigners alike into getting involved. Stalls, music, Lion Dance Contest, Chinese cultural shows, Chinese Opera. For more information, please contact the Bangkok Tourist Bureau Tel: 66 (0) 2225 7612-5. Date(s): 1-3 February 2003 Venue: King Taksin Monument, and the Main Stadium, Chanthaburi King Taksin the Great ruled Siam during the Thon Buri era. Red Cross Stalls, Trade Fair, Concerts, Miss Chanthabun Pageant For more information, please contact the Chanthaburi Provincial Administration Office Tel: 66 (0) 3931 2567, 66 (0) 39311544. Date(s): 1-9 February 2003 Venue: Chai Nat Bird Park, Mueang, Chai Nat At the end of the harvest, straws are gathered and transformed into value added products. The Fair was originally conceived as a project to increase awareness of the use of agricultural by-products in 1985. Contest, pageants, and other festivities.For more information, please contact the Chai Nat Chamber of Commerce Tel: 66 (0) 541 1595. Date(s): 7-16 February 2003 Venue: Phra Nakhon Khiri, Phetchaburi Phra Nakhon Khiri was once a residence of King Mongkut (Rama IV). Each F year a general celebration is held in remembrance of its historical significance. Phra Nakhon Khiri is decorated with more than 40,000 lights, and is circled by the attendees in praise of the kings and good spirits of Phetchaburi, local cultural show, demonstration of Phetchaburi craftsmanship, an oxen cart race, stalls. For more information, please contact the Phetchaburi Provincial Office Tel: 66 (0) 5641 1595. Date(s): 7-9 February 2003 Venue: Nong Buak Hat Public Park, Chiang Mai Flowers in Thailand blossom at the beginning of the year, with an explosion of colour to be savoured in January and February-African marigolds, zinnias, globe amaranths, chrysanthemum, coxcombs, roses, and orchids, from the Laos vanda, an orchid having light blue flowers in large sprays on stems one to three feet long, down to the petite denrobium.Mountainous Chiang Mai is the perfect setting for this symphony of colours, giving rise to a flower festival truly reflective of the locals' love of one of their own. Pageants, floats, agricultural shows, and contests.For more information, please contact the Chiang Mai Municipality Tel: 66 (0) 5333 8048. Date(s): 8-9 February 2003 Venue: King Rama II Memorial Park, Samut Songkhram The Renaissance King, Rama II of the Chakkri dynasty, was involved in military affairs, governance, up holding the Buddhist faith, creation of art, and temples. His artistic skills also extended to literary works, dance forms, musical compositions, sculpture, architecture, etc. In 1968, UNESCO honoured him as a major contributor to world culture. On the 200th anniversary of his birth in Samut Songkhram, the Rama II Foundation was set up to disseminate his artistic and literary works, under the patronage of Her Royal Highness Princess Sirindhorn. Khon (Masked Dance Drama) by Senior and Young dancers from the Fine Arts Department, Hun Krabok (Masked Hand Puppet), local movies, Thai cooking demonstration including sweets from Thai literature, competitions. Sale of local products, gifts, and souvenirs. For more information, please contact Samut Songkhram Provincial Office Tel: 66 (0) 3471-1997, (or) King Rama II Memorial Park Tel: 66 (0) 26287217. Date(s): 9-18 February 2003 Venue: Leng Chu Kiang Shrine (the Goddess Lim Ko Niao Shrine) , Pattani An old Pattani tradition that has been celebrated for nearly 100 years, and has only been officially adopted since 1996. There is normally a large attendance by Thais and Chinese who make the effort to pay homage to the goddess and other spirits. The Goddess Lim Ko Niao is a relict to which homage has long been paid on the fifteenth day after Chinese New Year. The Festival includes a procession of the goddess and other images from the Leng Chu Kiang Shrine around Pattani.Miracle shows including carrying a Chinese style palaquin through water, fire walking, lion Dance, Dragon Dance, and other fun festivities. Date(s): 13-15 February 2003 Venue: Kradan Island, Trang The Province of Trang, On together with the Trang Chamber of Commerce and other organizations, first organized the Underwater. Wedding Ceremony on 20 April 1997 on Rok Island, and has continued to do so for the last five years at Kradan Island. The event has been entered into the Guinness World Records, and is known far a field. Bridal Procession around the Trang Municipality, continuing on to Kradan Island by long tail boats. Thai Wedding Ceremony (Rot Nam Sang) where 17. blessed water is poured from a conch Retell onto the bridal couples' hands while wishing them well for the future, on the beach. Registration of the marriages 40 feet underwater. For more information, please contact the Trang Chamber of Commerce Tel: .L 66 (0) 7521 0238, 66 (0) 7522 5353. Date(s): 14-20 February 2003 Venue: Sa Kaeo Junction, Sa Kaeo Sa kaeo is the new province in the east of Thailand. The province itself is rich with eastern culture. Opening procession, Thai Fashion Show, Trade Fair, concert, Pong Lang Concert, etc. Date(s): 14 February-15 May 2003 Venue: All over Chumphon In order to take advantage of the pristine conditions available: only during these months, the Province has been promoting the white beaches, corals, and 1 numerous islands around the gulf since 1990. Sea tour, coral watching (diving), tours of orchards, beach sports (volleyball, sail boating, fishing, etc), camping, seafood festival, tourist attraction photo contest. For more information, please contact the Chum phon Provincial Office Tel: 66 (0) 77511551. Date(s): 15-17 February 2003 The Thai Elephant Venue: Conservation Centre, Lampang The elephant is held in high regard in Thailand and has served as the bearer of kings, in battle and official ceremonies. Since 1995, the Thai Elephant Conservation Centre has joined hands with the Province of Lampang in raising funds to feed elephants in the care of the Centre. The proceeds from this event are given to the Centre to provide food for the elephants, support for the Centre' s activities, and the conservation of elephants. The Offering is held on the 15th to the 17th each year.Satok is a term in the Northern Thai dialect referring to a serving platter cum table that is raised on a pedestal or legs, and is generally made of wood. They can vary in size depending on the amount of food being served.Satok procession, including a large satok filled with food fit for an elephant. Processions and local shows. Dining from a huge satok, a night bazaar, sales of local handicraft, local cultural shows, elephant exhibition, and feeding the elephants. For more information, please contact the Thai Elephant Conservation Centre Tel: 66 (0) 5422 8108. Date(s): 16 February 2003 Venue: Pradu Hok Shrine, Na Mueang Lawn, Wat Phra Mahathat Woramahawihan, Nakhon Si Thammarat Legend has it that Phaya Sithammasokkarat, Phaya Chantha-raphanu, and Phaya Phonghasura were preparing to celebrate the enshrinement of a holy Buddhist relic. A few days before the celebrations were to commence a red cloth, the Phra Bot, inscribed with Buddhist writings, washed ashore onto Pak Phanang Beach. This cloth was then presented to Phaya Sithammasokkarat, as the city's overlord. On the day of the celebration, he organised a procession to take the cloth up to the stupa, wrapping it around the structure. The tradition continues to this day. The populace of Nakhon Si Thammarat has long observed this tradition on Magha Puja and Visakha Puja days. The main activities include the procession carrying a piece of cloth, many hundred yards in length, from the Na Mueang Lawn to the Phra Mahathat Woramahawihan, to be wrapped around the base of the Stupa, the celebration of the Phra Bot cloth and the Pradu Hok Shrine, the procession itself, and the Mathupayat rice (Sticky rice in coconut and sugar cane syrup) stirring ceremony. For more information, please contact the Nakhon Si Thammarat Educational Office Tel: 66 (0) 75346515-6, 66 (0) 7535 6151 Date(s): 14-16 February 2003 Venue: Narai Palace, Lop Buri King Narai Reign Fair has been organised in honour of King Narai an to promote tourism in Lob Buri. King Narai the Great, son of King Prasat Thong and his consort, ascended the throne on 9 October 1656 as Ayutthaya's 27th monarch, and reigned for 32 years to 1688. The construction of his palace in Lop Buri took 12 years to complete, and incorporated western style architecture and Thai decorations. King Narai resided at the palace in the dry season, preferring to be in Ayutthaya during the Monsoon. For a brief period, Lop Buri served as the country's capital, when King Narai moved his court there, full time, to avoid internal and external conflicts and to indulge in his passion for game hunting. King Narai died in Lop Buri. With his passing, Lop Buri fell into decline. Procession depicting the time of King Narai the Great, a light and sound show at Narai Palace, Narai Palace Night, Thai lifestyle show including cultural show, local customs, Thai children's games, children in hairstyle 0 does gone by (Chuk : hair pulled up in a bun at the crown; the area around the bun is generally shaven, Klae : hair in pigtails, the area around the pigtails is generally shaven, Ko : pony tail, and braided), contests, human chess game, other fun activities. Paticipants dressed in Thai costumes. For more information, please contact the Lop Buri Provincial Office Te 66 (0) 3641 1500. Date(s): 126 February-6 March 2003 Venue: Kalasin Phitthayasan School Sports Ground and the Lawn in front of the I a Kalasin City Hall, Kalasin In honour of Her Royal Highness Princess Sirindhorn's participation in a Pong Lang dance with the students of the Kalasin Dance College occasion of the Four Regions Dance Show on 26 February 1993, the day has been held as a day for celebration with the organization of a cultural festival together in conjunction with the Red Cross. The Pong Lang dance style involves a troupe of performers playing an assortment of instruments with one or two of the players dancing as well. A typical assortment would include a couple of chest high drums that are placed on the ground and played by the main dancer who beats it to keep time while dancing. There are also earthen jars, strung with rubber, that are flicked during the dance. Other instruments include the Kong(gong), ching(small cymbal), and khaen(panpipe).Homage to Phraya Chaisunthon, the founder of Kalasin, local cultural procession, Pong Lang competition, pageants, competitions, exhititions.For more information, please contact the Kalasin Provincial office Tel: 66(0) 4381 1695

January

Date(s): 1 December 2002-20 January 2003 Venue: At Ratchadamri Road-Ratchaprasong Square-Siam Square, Bangkok At this period of happiness for the time of Christmas and New Year, people who come to shop at shopping centres and malls will enjoy sale & service promotion for all products and accommodation including various entertainment such as Street of Art, New Year Gifts, Beer Garden, and musical performance. Date(s): 10-21 January 2003 Venue: Bangkok The Bangkok International Film Festival (BKKIFF) is a celebration of the world of filmmakers and artists from around the world. BK.KIFF provides an exciting opportunity for major studios and independent film companies to premiere and showcase their films in Asia, and build marketing and business opportunities across the continent. The Royal Thai Government and the Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT) are pleased to present the Bangkok International Film Festival with the theme "Masters to Present". An exciting celebration of new and classic motion picture greatness from across the globe featuring special tributes & retrospectives, innovative conferences & workshops, and tremendous international media coverage. www.bkkinterfilm.com Date(s): 17-19 January 2003 Venue: Ban Bo Sang, San Kamphaeng, Chiang Mai Ban Bo Sang, the Umbrella Village, creating umbrellas unlike any other. The umbrellas are made from craft paper and Pha Phrae, enlivened by interesting colourful floral designs. The village has a constant stream of visitors; especially during the Festival, when the whole world seems to gather there. The umbrellas of Bo Sang have the distinction of winning the first prize in the souvenir category at a Tourism Conference in Los Angeles, USA-a further testimony to the global admiration of this local handicraft. Street Fair along both sides of the 1 kilometre long main street going down B0 Sang Village. Shops and houses are decorated in the Lanna Style utilizing the village’s main product, the umbrella, and local lanterns as props. Floats decorated with umbrellas and local produce. Various handicrafts. Khan Tok Dinner (Dinner served on a serving platter on a pedestal or legs, usually made of wood). For more information, please contact the Ton Pao Municipality Tel: 66 (0) 53338048. Date(s): 31 January-13 February 2003 Venue: Ratchaworadit Pier, Bangkok The River of King was held at the first time in 1999 to celebrate the Auspicious Occasion of His Majesty the King's 6th Cycle Birthday. Now, the show I is arranged to perform every year. Light and sound show including a magical show of illusion, large waterfall, and synchronised fountains. For more information, please contact Bureau of the Royal Household Tel: 66 (0) 2623 5500 ext. 1120-1122. Date(s): Year Round Venue: Wat Arun, Bangkok In recent years, both banks of the Chao Phraya River have seen major renovations to historical structures and the addition of spotlights, off-setting their elegant beauty at night. As a result of its acclaim as a royal temple of historical significance and beauty, dating over 200 years, Wat Arun has become a main tourist destination. In order to showcase its beauty, ongoing light and sound shows have been choreographed in the Nights at Wat Arun presentations. River cruise in the vicinity of the Wat Arun Pier. Light and sound show, retracing Thai history to the present day in Thai and English. The presentations are free of charge if viewed from the grounds of Wat Arun. A fee is I' applicable if watching the presentation from a hotel-operated boat. For more information, please contact The Riverside Company Limited Tel: 66 (0) 2434 0090-3. Date(s): Year Round Venue: Ayutthaya Historical Park, Ayutthaya Ayutthaya was the capital of Siam for 417 years under the rule of 33 kings. It was a composite of Tai culture, which has since evolved, serving as the foundation of modern Thailand and the current Thai way of life. In recognition of its historical significance, this historical site was placed on UNESCO's World Heritage list on 13 December 1991. Presentation of the night splendour of the Ayutthaya period architecture highlighted in the Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Light and Sound Show, providing a glimpse at the culture and royal cuisine of the time Date(s): Year Round Venue: Sukhothai Historical Park, Sukhothai Sukhothai was Thailand's first capital, whose remarkable past is brought to life in the light and sound show. The park was placed on UNESCO's World Heritage list in December of 1991. Mang Khala dance and Khan Tok dinner service. Sukhothai Night Light and Sound Show. Date(s): Year Round Venue: Phimai Historical Park, Nakhon Ratchasima Nakhon Ratchasima, an important province to the Northeast of Thailand, used to be the home of an established Khmer Civilization, which has faded into history. The province is dotted with archaeological sites, artefacts, and remnants of a charming bygone culture. Today, Nakhon Ratchasima is Thailand's gateway to the Northeast. Guided tour of Khmer architecture within the Phimai Historical Park. Dinner amidst the ruins together with local dance show. Take a glimpse of the past with the Wimaya Nattakan Light and Sound Show, recounting the past glories of Phimai and the Khmer Culture. Date(s): Year Round Venue: Narai Palace, Lop Buri Lop Buri reached its historical peak during the reign of King Narai the Great, and is famed for its eco-tourism sites. It is also known for its Monkey Chinese Banquet. A guide will show you around the Narai Palace in the evening, relating significant historical events from Narai's reign. Listen to music surrounded by the ambiance of the palace; watch the Narai Palace Light and Sound Show. Catch a tram to watch spotlighted historical sights-including the Prang Sam Yot (Three Pointed Tower), Phra Kan Shrine, and Wat Phra Si Mahathat. Date(s): Year Round Venue: Tribes People Development and Welfare Centre, Chiang Rai At the northern most point in Thailand, Chiang Rai has a cultural tradition unlike those found elsewhere in Thailand and has been blessed with many attractions. The Golden Triangle, a small area in the vicinity of the common border shared by Thailand, Laos and Myanmar, is of world renown. Adding to Chiang Rai's charm is the ongoing ways of life and unique cultures of the tribes living in the area. Akha Light and Sound Show. Experience the lifestyle and charm of Akha, Lahu, Hmong, Yao, Leevo, and Pakoyo tribes people at the Lifestyle Exhibition Building. Enjoy mountain food amidst nature while being entertained by the light and sound show depicting the Akha way of life. Date(s): Year Round Venue: Wat Sa Kamphaengyai, Si Sa Ket Si Sa Ket, in the Northeast, has had a long history as evidenced by the numerous historical sites and artifacts that exist in the area, and the local cultural traditions. It also links the Khmer culture of a time gone-by to the present day, and is home to a great number of Lao, Yer, Khmer, and Soay people. As such, their way of life is different from that in other provinces in terms of culture, customs, traditions, and beliefs. Watch the Si Phao Thai (Four Thai Tribes) Si Sa Ket Dance from the Khmer, Soay, Lao, and Yer tribes while being served with refreshments or Pha Khao Laeng Learn about local traditions as expressed through silk products. Watch the Siwa Ratri of the Si Phuetthesuan Show.For more information, please contact the Uthumphon Phisai Educational Office Tel: 66 (0) 4569 1608. Date(s): Year Round Venue: Ban Nong Khao, Kanchanaburi Ban Nong Khao is a village dating back to the Ayutthaya period, where villagers still live the agrarian way of life, living in Thai style homes, surrounded by traditional cultures and customs. A visit to this village provides you with a unique opportunity to experience a culture that no longer exists.Local cultural activities, Ban Nong Khao Light and Sound Show.

Festivals and Annual Events

Thais are fun-loving, sentimental people and annual festivals, both commemorative and celebrative, play important roles in Thai life. Many Thai festivals are joyful, colourful events that invite visitors' participation. Others feature solemn, eminently photogenic ceremonial. Whatever their character, whether dazzling processions, Buddhist devotion, uninhibited merriment or exotic ritual, each affords the visitor pleasant memories and insights into the cultural heritage that makes Thailand Asia's most exotic country. Most festivals are connected either with Buddhism, the annual rice-farming cycle, or commemorations honouring Thai kings. Some occur on fixed dates. Others, particularly those associated with Buddhism, are determined by the lunar calendar. Many merit national holidays. Chronologically, Thailand's major festivals, and events, are as follows: >>Makha PujaFull-moon day, February National holiday This commemorates the occasion when 1,250 disciples spontaneously gathered to hear the Buddha preach. Merit-making, such as offering food to monks, and freeing captive birds and fishes, is interspersed with sermons throughout the day. After sunset, Buddhist monks lead the laity in a lovely triple candlelit circumambulation of Buddhist chapels throughout the kingdom. Each person silently carries flowers, glowing incense and lighted candles in homage to the Buddha, his teaching and his disciples. >>Flower FestivalUsually early February. At Chiang Mai, 700 kilometres north of Bangkok. This annual event features displays, floral floats, and beauty contests when the province's temperate and tropical flowers are in full bloom. >>Pattaya FestivalEarly April. Thailand's premier beach resort celebrates with beauty parades, floral floats, and special events, Highlights include a spectacular beach-side firework display. >>Songkran FestivalApril 13 - 15. National holiday, April 12 – 14 Songkran is the traditional Thai New Year and is celebrated with special elan in Chiang Mai where because it occurs during a time of relative leisure, it becomes a 3-5 day carousel of religious merit-making, pilgrimages, beauty parades, dancing and uninhibited, good-natured water throwing. >>Songkran Festival, Amphoe Phra PradaengThe second week of April. The Mon community of Phra Pradaeng district, Samut Prakan province, just south of Bangkok, celebrates Songkran with similar festivities. >>Royal Ploughing CeremonyUsually early May, at Bangkok's Sanam Luang. This ceremony marks official commencement of the annual rice-planting cycle. Presided over by His Majesty the King, elaborate Brahman ritual and ceremonial combine to provide predictions concerning the forthcoming rice crop. >>Rocket FestivalThe second weekend of May, and best seen in Yasothon, north-east Thailand. Prior to the annual monsoons, Northeast villagers construct gigantic rockets to fire into the sky to 'ensure' plentiful rain during the forthcoming rice season. The Rocket Festival is traditionally a period for letting off steam before ardous field work begins in earnest, and features beauty parades, folk dances, ribald and high-spirited revelry before the rockets are ceremoniously launched. >>Visakha PujaFull Moon day, May. National holiday. Visakha Puja is the holiest of all Buddhist holy days, and marks the Buddha's birth, enlightenment and death. Merit-making and ceremonial are identical to Makha Puja, >>Fruits Fairs CountrywideThese annual fairs feature delicious provincial fruits – -including rambutan, durian, jackfruits and pomeloes, and feature cultural displays, exhibitions and folk art. Major provinces that celebrate fruits fairs include Rayong, Chanthaburi, Chachoengsao and Hat Yai in Songkhla. >>H.M. the Queen's BirthdayAugust 12. National holiday Nation-wide celebrations find particular focus in Bangkok where government buildings are decorated and illuminated at night with coloured lights. >>Ok Phansa & Thot KathinDuring October. Ok Phansa celebrates the end of the Rains Retreat and introduces the Kathin period when, throughout Thailand, the Buddhist laity present monks with new robes and other items deemed necessary for the monkhood's upkeep during the forthcoming monastic year. >>Vegetarian FestivalDuring October. Phuket islanders of Chinese ancestry commit themselves to a vegetarian diet for nine days. The festival's first day features a parade of white-clothed devotees and several ascetic displays. >>Boat RacesOctober. The Kathin period marks the official end of the Rains Season and is the time for country fairs, many of which feature regattas. Nan, 790 kilometres north of Bangkok, has famous boat races, Other noteworthy regattas are held in Surat Thani, Phichit, Nakhon Phanom and Pathurnthani. >>Loi KrathongFull-moon night of November. This is Thailand's loveliest festival when under the full moon, Thais float away onto rivers and waterways, Krathongs, small lotus-shaped banana- leaf boats containing a lighted candle, glowing incense, a flower and small coin to honour, it is believed, the water spirits, and to wash away the previous year's sins. >>Elephant Round-UpThird weekend of November, Surin, north-east Thailand. Some 100 elephants participate in this popular event. Between folk dances and traditional cultural performances, these versatile behemoths star in displays of time-honoured wild elephant hunts, demonstrations of intelligence, strength, gentility and obedience, and the spectacular re-enactment of a medieval war elephant parade. >>River Kwai Bridge WeekLate November, early December, Kanchanaburi, western Thailand. Features a thrilling son et lumiere show at the world-famous bridge. Archaeological and historical exhibitions, sparkling folk culture performances and rides on trains hauled by World War II vintage steam locomotives number among other attractions. >>H.M. the King's BirthdayDecember 5. National holiday. On December 3, the elite Royal Guards swear anew their allegiance to His Majesty King Bhumibol in a colourful and stirring ceremony in Bangkok's Royal Plaza. On December 5, festivities occur throughout Thailand. Customarily, government buildings and houses are decorated with spectacular illuminations at night. Night-time Bangkok, particularly in the Ratchadamnoen Avenue and Grand Palace area, becomes a floodlit fairyland of coloured lights.